As in the last decades the number of fires has decreased, the fire department is increasingly assuming responsibilities that go beyond traditional firefighting. The type of newly acquired tasks requires extensive fire department training classes. Typically, each state has a single emergency number, with which you can request help by telephone. Furthermore, the European Union has adopted a single emergency number for police, ambulance and fire brigade.
Choking is performed using foam and emulsifier in water. For tankers carrying dangerous goods (TDG), the identification of substances being transported is done by checking details indicated on orange plates attached to the front and rear of such vehicles.
With a closed volume or semi-open fire, one can easily calculate the volume of water needed. Indeed, if the volume is sealed, air cannot enter. Air contains oxidizers needed for combustion, the O2 oxygen (pure air contains 21% O2). Whatever the amount of fuel (wood, paper, fabrics) available, combustion will stop when content of oxygen is insufficient, that is, say less than 15%.
The above determines the amount of water needed to make the atmosphere inert, to prevent the pyrolysis gases to burn. When the right water volume is used for cooling the fumes, the atmosphere is covered by the thermal approach. This approach still has some limitations. Thus, spray nozzles do not allow complete evaporation of water supplied. The efficiency is determined by a function of the nozzle but also firefighter skills. Different methods of calculations take into account these parameters.
Equipment is used to protect against hazards associated with the service. In most cases, this consists of a protective suit, a helmet, gloves and safety shoes. In addition to communication systems such as the BOS radio systems and techniques for alerting the firefighters. It is also common for rescue dogs to form part of brigades. They are mainly used in disaster situations, such as earthquakes to assist in the search for missing persons.
However, their main mission remains provision of rescue serves, which in some cases entails use of first aid. The officers must maintain or restore breathing, circulatory or cardiac activity and/or freeing of a predicament through technical rescue operations. Fire extinguishing is the oldest task these departments handle. In the so-called defensive fire protection operations, diverse fires are fought with the help of special equipment.
The fire brigades can continue to tackle heavy tasks involving obstacles, dead people or animals. Preventive measures (protecting) mainly include elements of preventive fire protection. These serve to prevent incipient fires harming people by embarking on consistent safety education at public events in order to draw attention to hazards and to demonstrate proper behavior in emergencies.
The first concern when dealing with an enclosed or semi-open volume is to bring down the temperature. It is vital to absorb all the heat produced by the fire (in fact, it is enough to absorb an amount sufficient to extinction, but not all). In fact, heat is transmitted to the fumes, walls, ceiling and floor, and part of the heat is lost with the flue gas or the outlets, walls or through the insulation.
Choking is performed using foam and emulsifier in water. For tankers carrying dangerous goods (TDG), the identification of substances being transported is done by checking details indicated on orange plates attached to the front and rear of such vehicles.
With a closed volume or semi-open fire, one can easily calculate the volume of water needed. Indeed, if the volume is sealed, air cannot enter. Air contains oxidizers needed for combustion, the O2 oxygen (pure air contains 21% O2). Whatever the amount of fuel (wood, paper, fabrics) available, combustion will stop when content of oxygen is insufficient, that is, say less than 15%.
The above determines the amount of water needed to make the atmosphere inert, to prevent the pyrolysis gases to burn. When the right water volume is used for cooling the fumes, the atmosphere is covered by the thermal approach. This approach still has some limitations. Thus, spray nozzles do not allow complete evaporation of water supplied. The efficiency is determined by a function of the nozzle but also firefighter skills. Different methods of calculations take into account these parameters.
Equipment is used to protect against hazards associated with the service. In most cases, this consists of a protective suit, a helmet, gloves and safety shoes. In addition to communication systems such as the BOS radio systems and techniques for alerting the firefighters. It is also common for rescue dogs to form part of brigades. They are mainly used in disaster situations, such as earthquakes to assist in the search for missing persons.
However, their main mission remains provision of rescue serves, which in some cases entails use of first aid. The officers must maintain or restore breathing, circulatory or cardiac activity and/or freeing of a predicament through technical rescue operations. Fire extinguishing is the oldest task these departments handle. In the so-called defensive fire protection operations, diverse fires are fought with the help of special equipment.
The fire brigades can continue to tackle heavy tasks involving obstacles, dead people or animals. Preventive measures (protecting) mainly include elements of preventive fire protection. These serve to prevent incipient fires harming people by embarking on consistent safety education at public events in order to draw attention to hazards and to demonstrate proper behavior in emergencies.
The first concern when dealing with an enclosed or semi-open volume is to bring down the temperature. It is vital to absorb all the heat produced by the fire (in fact, it is enough to absorb an amount sufficient to extinction, but not all). In fact, heat is transmitted to the fumes, walls, ceiling and floor, and part of the heat is lost with the flue gas or the outlets, walls or through the insulation.
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